Music Makes Children Smarter Music Essay - 1610 Words

Music Makes Children Smarter Music in many ways. has a potential to allure an individual, especially children, to improve their intellect, when involved in music. Schools and organizations had researched and estimated that schools with music curriculum, have more graduation and successful rates than school that do not doesn’t have music subjects. Universities have concluded that a specific part of our brain had a major role that can progress to become intellectual when exposed to classical music, and later on, was exposed to another conclusion, that classical music, only has rapid effect in specific amount of time. Professors and theorists dispute with disagreement that listening to classical music is uncertain and does not necessarily make people smarter. Listening to other music other than classical, however, was proven to be more effective. Harmony Project is a nonprofit organization that offers students who who has none to low-income, to play a music instrument. They are located in Los Angeles, California and their mission statement are â€Å"Growth-to promote the healthy growth and development of children through the study, practice and performance of music, Community-to build healthier communities by investing in the positive development of children through music, and Connection-to develop musical ambassadors of peace, hope and understanding amongst people of diverse cultures, backgrounds and beliefs† (Harmony-Project). The Harmony Project research concluded that,Show MoreRelatedListening And Classical Music At An Early Age Helps Make Children Smarter1843 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The Mozart-Effect is the concept that listening to classical music at an early age helps make children smarter. It has long been held that learning a musical instrument also helps develop the brain differently, and can improve math ability specifically. Over the past two decades people have wondered whether or not the Mozart-effect really works. Will listening to classical music or learning how to play an instrument increase a person’s intelligence? If so, how does it affect a person’sRead MoreClassical Music: The Mozart Effect Essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagesto ten minutes of Mozart’s music, a person’s spatial IQ is boosted by 8-9 points (on the Stanford-Binet IQ Scale), in comparison to listening to ten minutes of a relaxation tape or silence (Rauscher, Shaw and Ky, 1993). This literature review critically assesses the key works and concepts concerning the Mozart effect, specifically its methodologies, its limits, and finally, alternative theories. Whil e some academics argue that ‘listening to Mozart makes babies smarter’ is a valid claim (___,__;____Read MoreListening to Music while Studying872 Words   |  4 Pageslistening to music while studying. Listening to musiccould be the golden solution for your child. Students definitely need to be granted the freedom to listen music during classes. Listening to music while studying helps to keep one’s mind relaxed. It also helps in finishing work faster and in memorization. For some people, music serves as a distraction, but this does not apply for everyone. It should also be recognized that music helps keep the brain relaxed, happy, and alert(â€Å"Listening to music whileRead MoreMozart Effect Field Research1740 Words   |  7 Pages Mozart Effect Field Research Many parents have come to believe that music, especially classical music played during pregnancy or in the nursery of their newborns would make their precious bundle of joy smarter. Is there science to prove that this is true, or is it just a quick way to sale books, cd, and videos’. The Mozart Effect drove expectant mothers and mothers of young children to believe that through this music their child would become exceptional learners. What parent would not wantRead MoreMusic And Spatial Task Performance1604 Words   |  7 Pagesmystery surrounding one theory: music makes you smarter. It isn’t a new thing for parents to play Mozart’s Piano Sonata No. 10 in C Major for their infant in the hopes that it will somehow increase their chances of becoming a child prodigy, but it has been years since â€Å"the Mozart effect† was presented to the public. It was 1993 when Frances H. Rauscher first considered the effects of musical exposure. The same year he publish ed an article in Nature entitled â€Å"Music and spatial task performance† inRead MoreTeaching Students With Behavioral Problems Essay926 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavioral disabilities often find the music room the one place that they are motivated to succeed. They learn music the same way as their peers. Students with behavioral disabilities often engage in disruptive behaviors when they are not engaged or when the environment prompts these behaviors. Students with behavioral problems perform better when they are close to the teacher, sitting next to a model student and are actively engaged. Music Therapy Music has been a powerful way for people to connectRead MoreHow Music Affects The Brain And People s Emotions1023 Words   |  5 Pages iSearch Paper: The Power of Music For my iSearch paper I am researching how music affects the brain and people s emotions. Although this is a complex issue, my passion has always involved music and an interest in how it affects how people react and think. I play the violin, and from personal experience I have noticed that when I am playing I have an emotional connection to the piece, whether it is sad, happy, or even upsetting. I have also noticed that the audience has an emotional impactRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On Music Education1002 Words   |  5 Pagescontradictory views of begging children wanting to play outside instead of practice violin music is proven to make you smarter. When a child particularly at a young age learns how to play an instrument preferably in a social setting is provides the brain of that child with extra dopamine, new neurological connections, better behavior, and higher test scores. Schools are turning to new programs to aid music education and there are many reasons to support the ir decision. Music has been proven over manyRead More Music in Education1081 Words   |  5 Pages Why Music Is Important To Having A Complete Education nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With school budget cuts, and no music instruments, more and more people are beginning to realize the benefits of having music in education. Providing music as part of education helps develop intelligence that leads to greater success in school and in life. Everyone from VH1 Save The Music to The National Association For Music Education agree that, â€Å"Every student in the nation should have an education in the artsRead MoreThe Effects Of Internet On Today s Youth1701 Words   |  7 Pagesinnovation of our generation, some not so much. The best way to analyze the effects the Internet has had, is to look at the effects it has had on different aspects in this country. Take a look at the effects the internet has had on today’s youth, the music industry as well as its effect on the way politics and business has taken advantage of the innovation through profit all should be major key points when looking back at the cause and effect of the net. To get a brief understanding of the domino effect

Anorexia Nervosa Never Being Skinny Enough Essay

There was a ninth-grade girl who seemed to be like every other ninth-grade girl, but she wasn’t, she was different from the rest. She was five-foot four and weighed a measly ninety-five pounds. You could see her bones wrapped up by a thin layer of coarse skin, but there was no muscle to be found. She lied to everyone who asked her if she had a problem. This girl didn’t eat a healthy diet, didn’t exercise her body in a healthy way, and she was slowly withering away into a walking corpse. This girl was me. I was suffering from a disease known as anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is a disease that has three main features: refusal to maintain a healthy body weight, a strong fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image (Anorexia†¦show more content†¦When a male or female watches television and sees these perfectly-sculptured-human beings he or she sometimes feels the need to be that  ¨perfect size also (Media, Body Image). The media pushes the  ¨pe rfect size ¨ in a subliminal manor by displaying thin people in commercials opposed to normal-size or slightly-overweight people.  ¨Eighty percent of Americans watch T.V. daily ¨ (Media, Body Image). This statistic means that eighty percent of Americas population is exposed to the pressure of being the  ¨perfect size. ¨ Bullying is another factor that may cause anorexia. Being called fat is one moment that is hard to forget whether the person calling you fat is doing it in a sarcastic manner or not. Once someone is called fat he or she may take this as a challenge to lose weight. I can also personally relate to this cause also because when I was in ninth grade I was always called â€Å"fat† even though I was stick skinny. Every time I was called fat I thought that everyone was serious even when he or she said it was a joke. Each time I got called fat I just hated the way I looked a little more. Calling someone fat isn’t something to joke around about. A surve y done by the eating disorder charity, Beat, in 2012, showed that seventy-eight percent of anorexic high-school students said bullying was a contributing factor to starting his or her anorexic lifestyle (Girtz,Show MoreRelatedBe Skinny or Die Trying1082 Words   |  5 PagesAnorexia Nervosa – the belief one is fat, despite being very thin. Most women have heard the word â€Å"anorexia†, and in all probability associate it with models, celebrities, and never think it could happen to them. However the word, â€Å"anorexia† has much more meaning and facts behind it to prove that it isn’t as farfetched of an idea as people may think. Anorexia Nervosa is an extremely dangerous eating disorder that is much more than celebrities and models, and not eating enough. Among women in theRead MoreBody Imaging Has A Negative Effect On Society1716 Words   |  7 Pageslean over the toilet vomiting, wishing they looked like the girls they see on media sources. Body image is the way you see yourself and imagine how you look (Positive and Negative Body Images). Society makes girls and women think that if they aren’t skinny, they aren’t pretty and no one will like them. Girls feel pressured by society to have ‘perfect’ bodies, this encourages bad eating habits (Schulten). This affects how thousands of girls see themselves and how they feel about their body. Body imagingRead MoreEating Abnormalities: A Disease or Disorder?1087 Words   |  4 Pagesas anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorders. Anybody can have any eating disorder but usually it teen’s age thirteen to twenty that develop eating disorders. The number of pre-teen children treated in hospital for eating disorders has tripled in four years , according to NHS figures, amid warnings that units are turning dangerously-ill cases away because they are not thin enough(Donnelly Tripping in the number of children treated for eating disorders). Anorexia nervosa is anRead MoreThe Relationship Between Media Consumption And Eating Disorders1529 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumption and eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa based on media. Anorexia nervosa or anorexia is defined in the article as †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦a potentially life threatening disorder characterized by the refusal to eat enough to maintain body weight over a minimal norm for age and height, as well as an intense fear of gaining weight, body image disturbances, and eventual amenorrhea (temporary cessation of menstruation)† (Pg.40). While bulimia nervosa or bulimia is defines as â€Å"a pattern ofRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesAnorexia Nervosa I have chosen to study about Anorexia Nervosa because I would like to know more about this topic and why people do it to themselves. I wonder why young people in particular feel that they need to be so thin. In this assignment I would like to study mainly on why teenage girls feel so conscious about their bodies, what they feel about the way that women are portrayed in the media and the effects of Anorexia Nervosa. To be able to cover thisRead MoreThe Resaons for Eating Disorders1640 Words   |  7 Pagescriticize every last inch of their body with the words â€Å"fat, ugly, worthless† echo in their head. They think their body isn’t good enough and want to look skinner like the other woman in magazines or people they see on TV. The media has a big part in self-image toward young woman. The message being sent to these women on the media is that they are not pretty enough or thin enough. Which results in people having an eating disorder. According to the National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), as many asRead MoreEating Disorders : Deterioration Of The Mind1117 Words   |  5 PagesAdvance Placement Psychology Mr.Cuetara May 4th, 2015 Abstract Eating disorders are in no way, to be considered â€Å"no big deal†. It affects the lives of many poor unsuspecting human beings and in some cases, fatally takes lives. This topic presents many things that most people don’t know. Such as the fact that bulimia nervosa has similar symptoms to using the drug heroin! Rotten teeth, pale and dry skin, and even failing organs are usually signs that someone may have bulimia. There are always key signsRead MoreBinge Eating Disorder: Learning The Differences Between1461 Words   |  6 PagesBinge Eating Disorder: Learning the Differences Between Disorders, and How to Spot and Treat it Whether one is skinny or fat, one can suffer from an eating disorder. Eating disorders can be difficult to manage, one specifically being binge eating disorder. Binge eating disorder is an eating disorder in which one compulsively overeats, or is unable to stop eating large quantities of food, at least twice in one week, over a period of six months (Binge Eating Disorder, 2014). Binge eating is moreRead MoreTaking a Look at Eating Disorders Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pagesextreme. When an obsession over being thin starts to rule your life, eating proportions or habits, and thoughts- you might be in the beginning stages of an eating disorder. Eating Disorders are circumstances where there are strange or peculiar eating routine where there is too much or too little food intake for the lack of benefit to the person’s mental and physical health. Linked from Anorexia are some of the most common types of eating disorders such as Bulimia, anorexia, and binging. All of these eatingRe ad MoreAnorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, And Binge Eating1694 Words   |  7 Pagesactivities, eating disorders are becoming more and more common. There are three main types: anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and binge eating. Binge eating is when you consume large amounts of food at one time, following the intake with no attempt to prevent weight gain. Bulimia is when you consume large amounts of food at one time, followed by an attempt to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting. Anorexia Nervosa is when you limit your food intake to little-to-none with the outcome of weight that

The Dangers of Bombs Essay Example For Students

The Dangers of Bombs Essay Today more and more kids believe that bombs are fun to experiment with, but do not realize the dangers associated with even the simplest bombs. Although curiosity can be a great characteristic to have, curiosity when it comes to bombs should simply not be tolerated because all bombs produce an uncontrolled reaction leading to destruction that could harm to, or even kill someone. Even bombs in a controlled experiment by experts can be quite dangerous. Take into account the fact that many died during experiments with the atom bomb. Although the experts said it would be fine to watch and be in a close vicinity to the blast, they didnt know about the radiation caused by the reaction. This caused numerous deaths. Although most kids wont be experimenting with atom bombs, many dangers are associated with smaller types of bombs such as pipe bombs. Pipe bombs are especially lethal because they produce lots of shrapnel. Shrapnel is debris given off by the explosion (metal pieces of the pipe, or maybe even nails, glass, or bolts) that can cause lots of harm due to its velocity. Many kids believe that they are experts, and that nothing will ever happen to them, but it defiantly can. Many incidents have occured of kids being hurt or killed by their own bomb. One case is that of a kid building a pipe bomb in my area. He stuffed a lot of gunpowder into a pipe with nails an d he started to screw the cap of the metal pipe on. The grinding of the metal caused sparks and ignited the bomb, and he lost his hand and will not ever be able to have children. All this happened because of a simple bad decision that he will have to remember for the rest of his life. Terroristic acts have plagued the entire world for centuries. These primitive acts of violence have an everlasting effect on communities thoughout the world. What may seem as icolated acts of hatred among cirtain groups can effect many generations down the line. To this day if one were to bring up Oklahoma City one of the first things that comes to mind is the horrifying terror felt by the people thoughout the Federal building on that mild April day in 1995; not to mention the family members greif and the shock that was felt througout the nation. This isnt the only major bombing in my lifetime. One remembered vividly by the nation is the bombing of the World Trade Center. The devestation in this incidi dent was caused by a simple fetilizer bomb. Taking this time to do this essay has helped me realize how dangerous bombs really can be. Meeting with the Delaware Fire Marshall changed the way I make my decisions. Looking back on my descision with the dry ice bomb, I found that I should have thought of the concequences before I acted. This whole experience has helped me realize that bombs are very destructive. All in all I hope that I dont have to go though this experience again in my life time. Bibliography:

Weekend Of Mine Essays - Acapulco, Walking,

Weekend Of Mine While on vacation in Acapulco Mexico, I, along with my family and friends took a tour by boat to a small resort island. As we approached, I was awestruck by its beauty. I knew this was going to be fun, but had no idea that this place would be forever etched in my mind. We were greeted at the dock by two natives dressed in brightly colored tropical shirts, white pants and shoes. They were also wearing smiles just as bright. They escorted us to an open-air type restaurant with a thatched roof that was actually attached to the pier at which we docked. The restaurant had a casual atmosphere that made us very comfortable. The food was served buffet style, with an elegant array of Mexican and American cuisine. The entertainment provided in the restaurant during and after the buffet was delightful. A ten minute introduction to the Mexican culture was followed by an intriguing native dance, performed by a man dressed in an authentic looking costume consisting of only a rawhide G-string with a short apron front. His sandals had leather cords winding halfway up his legs. This dance depicted a story of a hunter and his prey. It was narrated by a woman who was also in costume. Brightly dressed Mexican men were beating drums and banging sticks providing the sound effects for the story. This was truly a great beginning to a wonderful afternoon. Behind the restaurant was a low mountainous area, accessible by walking trails only. We hiked one of these trails, observing the brightly colored tropical plants and trees that flourished greatly on this well maintained terrain. A beautiful waterfall added to the splendor, and when we reached the top, a lookout provided a panoramic view of the entire bay. What a breathtaking sight! There was a bar here, and after a cool drink we decided to head down. We took a different trail down that brought us to the base of the mountain. In front of us, about 150 feet was the beach. It was 90 degrees and the Mexican sun made the sand hot under our feet. However, a gentle breeze kept us comfortable otherwise. On the beach we rented a cabana, which is little more than a thatched umbrella, table and beach chairs. There, we sat and enjoyed one of those big tropical drinks that has fruit on the edge of the glass and a small umbrella of its own. Staring out into the bay from my chair, was possibly the most serene feeling I have had in my life. There were many people around and they were making plenty of noise, but my mind was absorbed with the natural beauty of this place. It was like none that I had ever seen before. Looking across the bay toward the mainland, with all its hustle and bustle, I felt as if I had found paradise. I had been to the ocean twice before, but only in the U.S., and never to a bay. Bay waters are much calmer, and therefore much clearer-so clear, in fact, that at a depth of six feet I was able to see a penny. The color of the water is also amazingly different from ocean water. The intensity of the blue color is almost fluorescent. After we rested, we decided it was time to get wet, so we donned our snorkeling gear and entered the warm water. I had never snorkeled before, but it wasn't long before I felt comfortable. Most of our experience was in very shallow water and I don't think it was ever necessary to go down more than ten feet. The fish didn't seem to be bothered by our presence, and although I don't know what kind they were, I touched two of them, and their reaction was only to flip their tail. About forty feet out from the beach it was still only about seven or eight feet deep, and that's where the coral appeared. This is something that no television or video could do justice to. The vivid colors of the coral alone were enough to make this whole trip worthwhile. There were many different types of fish, most of them with vibrant colors, varying in size from the size of a silver dollar, to the size of a foot or more in length. If you've seen the salt water fish aquariums in a pet store, you know of the vibrant colors that I am talking about. But being in the

Free Essays on Holy Grail

The Holy Grail The Holy Grail is one of the most lasting symbols in medieval Christianity. It’s history dates back to Christ’s time and the Last Supper. The Holy Grail also holds many powers in itself. The Grail has held and still holds a great fascination. It promises mystery, secrecy, and knowledge available to all, but found by only a few. It also holds a special communication with God or the knowledge of God as well as invisibility to evil or unworthy eyes. It is by it’s nature very mysterious, and it is that mystery that catches the eye of historians, writers, poets, and many other people. The history of the Grail starts with a man called Joseph of Arimethea who receives the Grail used by Christ in his Last Supper. After Christ’s death, he collects some blood into the cup. Joseph is then accused of stealing the Grail and his sent to prison. After being released, together with his sister and her husband Bron, he goes to Glastonbury with some disciples and there they build the first Christian Church in Glastonbury, along with the First Grail’s Table. Around it, 12 people can sit; the 13th seat is left empty to remind everyone of Jesus’ place. The Grail is guarded in the church at Glastonbury and is used at masses on Sunday’s. After Joseph’s death, the Grail is committed to Bron, and after him it is given to a man by the name of Alain to guard the Grail. At the famous Round Table, also known as the Third Grail’s Table, the Grail appeared to all the knights at the time of Pentecost, and from then on the knights decide to go in sea rch of the Grail. Lancelot, Perceval, Galahad, Bors and Gawain face many adventures but only Galahad is able to reach it, but dying in a moment of glory. From then on no one has been able to find it, and wherever it was, it still should be there.... Free Essays on Holy Grail Free Essays on Holy Grail Since the beginning of time man has searched for a source of immortality or some form of fountain of youth. Many cultures have developed myths and stories telling great tales of immortality and ways to achieve everlasting life. One of these myths associated with Christianity is the myth of the holy grail of Jesus Christ. If acquired it is foretold that the gift of immortality will be granted to anyone who drinks from the cup of Christ. How did this myth come into existence and does the holy grail of Jesus Christ really exist? It is fair to say that to most people in the western world the Holy Grail is a cup or goblet associated with Jesus Christ. This image was popularized by such writers as Sir Thomas Malory in his ``Morte D'Arthur''. It is however not the only object that has been linked to the Grail. Indeed, it has been claimed that the Grail is not a physical object of any type but is a blood line or even a spiritual ideal presented in metaphor. One thing is certain, despite, its elusive qualities; the Grail has continued to hold a great fascination in the minds of many. The Grail promises mystery, secrecy, adventure and the obtaining of a prize or knowledge available to all but found by no man. The Cup was the cup used at the last supper from which wine was drunk as a symbol of Jesus' blood. It is also the cup which Joseph of Arimathea used to collect the actual blood of Jesus after his crucifixion while preparing the body for burial. The legend then follows many differing stories about Joseph and the Cup. The most well known is that Joseph and his sister and her husband left Jerusalem and sailed to France. Here Joseph left his sister and his brother-in-law and sailed to England where he set up the first Christian church at Glastonbury. Some legends claim that he left the cup in the care of his brother-in-law in France while most stories tell of him bringing the Cup to Glastonbury which to this day is still associated with... Free Essays on Holy Grail The Holy Grail The Holy Grail is one of the most lasting symbols in medieval Christianity. It’s history dates back to Christ’s time and the Last Supper. The Holy Grail also holds many powers in itself. The Grail has held and still holds a great fascination. It promises mystery, secrecy, and knowledge available to all, but found by only a few. It also holds a special communication with God or the knowledge of God as well as invisibility to evil or unworthy eyes. It is by it’s nature very mysterious, and it is that mystery that catches the eye of historians, writers, poets, and many other people. The history of the Grail starts with a man called Joseph of Arimethea who receives the Grail used by Christ in his Last Supper. After Christ’s death, he collects some blood into the cup. Joseph is then accused of stealing the Grail and his sent to prison. After being released, together with his sister and her husband Bron, he goes to Glastonbury with some disciples and there they build the first Christian Church in Glastonbury, along with the First Grail’s Table. Around it, 12 people can sit; the 13th seat is left empty to remind everyone of Jesus’ place. The Grail is guarded in the church at Glastonbury and is used at masses on Sunday’s. After Joseph’s death, the Grail is committed to Bron, and after him it is given to a man by the name of Alain to guard the Grail. At the famous Round Table, also known as the Third Grail’s Table, the Grail appeared to all the knights at the time of Pentecost, and from then on the knights decide to go in sea rch of the Grail. Lancelot, Perceval, Galahad, Bors and Gawain face many adventures but only Galahad is able to reach it, but dying in a moment of glory. From then on no one has been able to find it, and wherever it was, it still should be there....

The Capture of Inca Atahualpa

The Capture of Inca Atahualpa On November 16, 1532, Atahualpa, lord of the Inca Empire, was attacked and captured by Spanish conquistadors under Francisco Pizarro. Once he was captured, the Spanish forced him to pay a mind-boggling ransom amounting to tons of gold and silver. Although Atahualpa produced the ransom, the Spanish executed him anyway. Atahualpa and the Inca Empire in 1532: Atahualpa was the reigning Inca (a word similar in meaning to King or Emperor) of the Inca Empire, which stretched from present-day Colombia into parts of Chile. Atahualpas father, Huayna Capac, had died sometime around 1527: his heir apparent died around the same time, throwing the Empire into chaos. Two of Huayna Capacs many sons began to fight over the Empire: Atahualpa had the support of Quito and the northern part of the Empire and Huscar had the support of Cuzco and the southern part of the Empire. More importantly, Atahualpa had the allegiance of three great generals: Chulcuchima, Rumià ±ahui and Quisquis. In early 1532 Huscar was defeated and captured and Atahualpa was lord of the Andes. Pizarro and the Spanish: Francisco Pizarro was a seasoned soldier and conquistador who had played a large role in the conquest and exploration of Panama. He was already a wealthy man in the New World, but he believed that there was a rich native kingdom somewhere in South America just waiting to be plundered. He organized three expeditions along the Pacific coast of South America between 1525 and 1530. On his second expedition, he met with representatives of the Inca Empire. On the third journey, he followed tales of great wealth inland, eventually making his way to the town of Cajamarca in November of 1532. He had about 160 men with him, as well as horses, arms and four small cannons. The Meeting in Cajamarca: Atahualpa happened to be in Cajamarca, where he was waiting for the captive Huscar to be brought to him. He heard rumors of this strange group of 160 foreigners making their way inland (looting and pillaging as they went) but he certainly felt secure, as he was surrounded by several thousand veteran warriors. When the Spanish arrived in Cajamarca on November 15, 1532, Atahualpa agreed to meet with them the next day. Meanwhile, the Spanish had seen for themselves the riches of the Inca Empire and with a desperation born of greed, they decided to try and capture the Emperor. The same strategy had worked for Hernn Cortà ©s some years before in Mexico. The Battle of Cajamarca: Pizarro had occupied a town square in Cajamarca. He placed his cannons on a rooftop and hid his horsemen and footsoldiers in buildings around the square. Atahualpa made them wait on the sixteenth, taking his time to arrive for the royal audience. He eventually showed up in the late afternoon, carried on a litter and surrounded by many important Inca noblemen. When Atahualpa showed up, Pizarro sent Father Vicente de Valverde out to meet with him. Valverde spoke to the Inca through an interpreter and showed him a breviary. After leafing through it, Atahualpa disdainfully threw the book on the ground. Valverde, supposedly angry at this sacrilege, called on the Spanish to attack. Instantly the square was packed with horsemen and footmen, slaughtering natives and fighting their way to the royal litter. The Massacre at Cajamarca: The Inca soldiers and noblemen were taken completely by surprise. The Spanish had several military advantages which were unknown in the Andes. The natives had never seen horses before and were unprepared to resist mounted foes. The Spanish armor made them nearly invulnerable to native weapons and steel swords hacked easily through native armor. The cannon and muskets, fired from the rooftops, rained thunder and death down into the square. The Spanish fought for two hours, massacring thousands of natives, including many important members of the Inca nobility. Horsemen rode down fleeing natives in the fields around Cajamarca. No Spaniard was killed in the attack and Emperor Atahualpa was captured. Atahualpas Ransom: Once the captive Atahualpa was made to understand his situation, he agreed to a ransom in exchange for his freedom. He offered to fill a large room once with gold and twice over with silver and the Spanish quickly agreed. Soon great treasures were being brought from all over the Empire, and greedy Spaniards broke them into pieces so that the room would fill more slowly. On July 26, 1533, however, the Spanish became frightened at rumors that Inca General Rumià ±ahui was in the vicinity and they executed Atahualpa, supposedly for treason in stirring up rebellion against the Spaniards. Atahualpa’s ransom was a great fortune: it added up to some 13,000 pounds of gold and twice that much silver. Sadly, much of the treasure was in the form of priceless works of art which were melted down. Aftermath of the Capture of Atahualpa: The Spanish caught a lucky break when they captured Atahualpa. First of all, he was in Cajamarca, which is relatively close to the coast: had he been in Cuzco or Quito the Spanish would have had a harder time getting there and the Inca may have struck first at these insolent invaders. The natives of the Inca Empire believed that their royal family was semi-divine and they would not lift a hand against the Spanish while Atahualpa was their prisoner. The several months that they held Atahualpa allowed the Spanish to send for reinforcements and come to understand the complex politics of the empire. Once Atahualpa was killed, the Spanish swiftly crowned a puppet Emperor in his place, allowing them to maintain their hold on power. They also marched first on Cuzco and then on Quito, eventually securing the empire. By the time one of their puppet rulers, Manco Inca (Atahualpas brother) realized that the Spanish had come as conquerors and started a rebellion it was too late. There were some repercussions on the Spanish side. After the conquest of Peru was complete, some Spanish reformers - most notably Bartolomà © de las Casas - began asking disturbing questions about the attack. After all, it was an unprovoked attack on a legitimate monarch and resulted in the massacre of thousands of innocents. The Spanish eventually rationalized the attack on the grounds that Atahualpa was younger than his brother Huscar, which made him a usurper. It should be noted, however, that the Inca did not necessarily believe that the eldest brother should succeed his father in such matters. As for the natives, the capture of Atahualpa was the first step in the near-total destruction of their homes and culture. With Atahualpa neutralized (and Huscar murdered on his brothers orders) there was no one to rally resistance to the unwanted invaders. Once Atahualpa was gone, the Spanish were able to play off traditional rivalries and bitterness to keep the natives from uniting against them.

April 9th Whiteness Reading + Questions Coursework

April 9th Whiteness Reading + Questions - Coursework Example The selection of areas to live, friends to associate with and the feeling of discrimination by the affirmative action indicates the power of racism in the society. 1. There are some issues that are not visible or conceivable to the author but could be used to identify the challenges in society. One of the most important approach as depicted by the author is the power of choice. Despite the existence of affirmative action, personal choices still indicates the influence of race in choice of friends, possession, employment area and the living area. The situation is evident by the number of areas occupied by whites or blacks as compared to the hybrid and cosmopolitan areas. My personal choices clearly indicated the power of race unconsciously creating a feeling of discomfort when reading the article because it is the truth. 2. Before reading the article, I had not evaluated several issues that may be racism. The key issues that the article address is the role of personal choices in facilitating racism. This view has not been taken by the majority because we tend to look at people’s actions instead of our personal choices, which indicates the highest degree of racism. 3. The major area of concern after reading the article is on how personal choices can be changed to reduce the showing of racist behaviour. The challenge is on personal evaluation which may not reflect the true nature or impact of racism because it does not employ the standard evaluation actions. The main question is; â€Å"what can one do to change his personal choices to reflect acceptance of the races in the society? This is the real dilemma that creates serious confusion between affinity to the race and acceptance of the dynamic society. Favourite quote is â€Å"Racists for innocence† (Pierce 53). The article addresses the issue of personal choice and the power of perception. The same situation is depicted in the movie Crash released in